At 06:35 on 16 December, the destroyers and three light cruisers were ordered to return to Germany. At 08:42, both Warrender and Beatty intercepted a message from Patrol at Scarborough advising that she was under attack by two battlecruisers. Shells from the ships were fired at such short range that their fuses did not have time to set, so many failed to explode on impact, or skittered away into the town because they were running horizontally rather than falling downwards. The German Raid on Scarborough. They then sailed south east along the coast, firing on the medieval castle on its headland and the Grand Hotel, the most obvious land mark in South Bay, apparently in the belief that this was the location of the non-existent gun battery. During the following night, one of the accompanying destroyers—SMS S33—became separated from the rest and radioed for direction. Dennis and Sons (printer) (Publisher) Object Title Under shell-fire the Hartlepools, Scarborough and Whitby under German shell-fire. Two shore guns fired at the leading ship, while the third fired at the last, smaller vessel. Doon closed to 5,000 yd (4,600 m) and fired one torpedo, which missed, and retreated. Stralsund flashed the recognition signal which had been sent to her shortly before when she encountered Southampton, gaining a little time. In just 30 minutes on that cold December morning in 1914, the Great War had finally … [1]:332, Admiral John Jellicoe, commanding the Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow, was ordered to despatch Vice Admiral David Beatty with the battlecruiser squadron of HMS Lion, Queen Mary, Tiger and New Zealand together with the Second Battle Squadron, commanded by Vice Admiral Sir George Warrender containing six modern dreadnoughts, HMS King George V, Ajax, Centurion, Orion, Monarch and Conqueror. As Britain mourned her dead and questions were asked in Parliament about the whereabouts of the mighty Royal Navy, Germany struck a commemorative medal of the raids. By the time she got clear of the harbour, the enemy had gone. - Cookies, German raid on the Yorkshire coast of 15-16 December 1914. [1]:335–336, At 05:15 on 16 December, the destroyer HMS Lynx sighted an enemy ship (SMS V155). Occurring in late Apr 1557, Stafford's Raid was an ultimately unsuccessful uprising launched against Mary I by a small band of men led by Thomas Stafford.. A grandson of the Duke of Buckingham and of the Countess of Salisbury, Thomas Stafford was descended from royalty on both sides of his family.. [4], Blame for Beatty's light cruisers' having disengaged from the enemy initially fell upon their commander, Goodenough, but the action was contrary to his past good record. This meant the German navy could choose a time to attack when all its ships were ready for sea, whereas some parts of the British fleet would always be in port receiving repairs or supplies, or in detached duty elsewhere. Officers are asking … Part of this was due to the failure of the navy to intercept the German raiders, but much was made of the attack on an open town. HMS Thunderer, another super-dreadnaught battleship, was undergoing repairs. Due to confusion in the signalling, the first cruiser misunderstood the message flashed by searchlight and passed it on to the others. After several months of war, British ships were reaching the point where urgent repairs were needed and several had to be withdrawn from the Grand Fleet. STAFFORD'S RAID (1557). Books The German raid on Scarborough, December 16th, 1914. description Object description. They found their shells had no effect on the armoured sides of the ships, so instead aimed at masts and rigging. Once again people fled the town by road and attempted to do so by train. Home. The destroyer squadron went to investigate, and a battle ensued with a force of German destroyers and cruisers. Lighthouse damage Scarborough 1914 IWM Q 53462.jpg 606 × 799; 44 KB. The ship was struck by two 8-inch shells, forcing the captain to run her aground. Jellicoe resolved that in future the entire Grand Fleet would be involved from the start in similar operations, but the battlecruisers were moved to Rosyth to be nearer in the event of future raids. 5852. The Kolberg sailed north east from Flamborough head back to the general rendezvous position, east of Whitby. We now reach the third phase of the raid. At 07:36, he attempted to confirm that Beatty had changed course but did not get a reply. The result was that all four disengaged the enemy and turned back to Beatty. 1915, containing an article on Mr. Churchill's letter … Hipper also noted radio traffic from British ships which caused concern that the British might be aware something was happening. On inquiring where the High Seas Fleet was now stationed, he discovered that it had returned home, and that his destroyers had sighted enemy ships. The engagement broke off after a couple of hours in the dark, but at 06:03 the following morning one of the four destroyers still able to fight, HMS Shark, again came in contact with five enemy destroyers, and the four attacked. The German Raid on Scarborough, Dec. 16th, 1914 Paperback – Aug. 28 2011 by Anonymous (Author) See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. Martin (Publisher) Object Title THE SCARBOROUGH PICTORIAL. [1]:323, 331, In the harbour, Captain Bruce of the light cruiser HMS Patrol attempted to get his ship to sea. However, the poor weather just before the raid meant that only four destroyers were on patrol, while two light cruisers and a submarine which might otherwise have been out, remained in Hartlepool harbour. Had he continued, he would shortly have engaged the four British battlecruisers and six battleships with his much larger force including 22 battleships. Ingenohl took the 85 ships of the German High Seas Fleet to a position just east of the Dogger Bank, where they could assist if Hipper's ships came under attack from larger forces, but were still safely close to Germany as standing orders from the Kaiser instructed. Three battlecruisers had been sent to South America, and the brand new dreadnought HMS Audacious had been lost to a mine. Jellicoe protested that although such a force should be sufficient to deal with Hipper, it would not be able to face the main German fleet. This was not true of the entire Yorkshire coast. The raid had an enormous effect upon British public opinion, both as a rallying cry against Germany for an attack upon civilians, and in generating criticism of the Royal Navy for being unable to prevent it. Jellicoe with the Grand Fleet continued to search on 17 December, attempting to engage the High Seas Fleet, but failed to find it—it was now safely in harbour,. [1]:349–350, 351, Belatedly, the Admiralty intercepted signals from the High Seas Fleet at Heligoland as it returned to port, and now warned the British ships that the German fleet was coming out. To the north the mouth of the Tees and Hartlepool (just inside County Durham) were defended by gun batteries, as was the mouth of the Humber (the ruins of several generations of gun emplacements can still be explored at the tip of Spurn Point). The harbour was not suitable for warships, nor was it close to significant military targets. Hipper initially attempted to catch up with his cruisers and come to their aid, but once they reported the presence of British battleships to the south, and that they had slipped past, he turned north to avoid them. U-17 was sent to investigate the area near Scarborough and Hartlepool for coastal defences. It had extensive docks and factories and was defended by three BL 6 inch Mk VII naval guns on the seafront: two at Heugh Battery and one at Lighthouse Battery. Contains a three page introduction, a message from King George V and the reply from the Mayor of Scarborough, together with 24 photographs tipped in with accompanying text. Warrender and Beatty remained separated, first to avoid shallow water over the Dogger Bank, but then to cut off different routes which Hipper might take escaping minefields laid off the Yorkshire coast. Kolberg remained, as she had 100 mines on board to lay. Scarborough Blitz 18th March 1941 1378 buildings were damaged or destroyed - Scarborough's worst air raid of WW2. The Germans appear to have genuinely believed that the east coast towns would be defended in some ways (during the Second World War they would have been right – Scarborough and Filey were given 6in gun batteries, with some of the guns coming from HMS Lion, Beatty’s flagship at Jutland). The Germans had determined that an attack on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby would be possible after a U-17 returned from a reconnaissance mission. On December 16th 1914 the Royal Navy failed to prevent the German Navy shelling the coastal towns of Hartlepool, Scarborough, and Whitby. Big-game tunny fishing off Scarborough. The accuracy of the third gun was sufficient to oblige Blücher to move behind the lighthouse to prevent further hits. At the far end of the gap was the south west corner of Dogger Bank, so Hipper had a choice of northern or southern … [1]:331, Jellicoe was now requested to move south with the Grand Fleet, which was waiting at Scapa Flow. [1]:329, The remaining ships now also divided. Keyes himself had considered this and wanted to try. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Naval battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom, Naval battles of World War I involving Germany, Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea, http://archive.org/stream/independen79v80newy#page/486/mode/1up, "Battles: Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, 1914", http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/scarborough.htm, http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWnavy.htm, Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, Scarborough & Whitby under attack by Mark Marsay, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Raid_on_Scarborough,_Hartlepool_and_Whitby?oldid=4639452, North Yorkshire articles missing geocoordinate data. A new order was drafted to captains to double check any orders to disengage if involved in a winnable battle. Article from the 20th April 1917 in the 'Scarborough Mercury' entitled "An echo of the German bombardment" A British officer during a recent push on the Western front entered an abandoned German trench in which he found a copy of the Berlin "Lokal Anzeiger" of Sunday 3rd. The second cruiser HMS Forward had no steam in her boilers, so could not move. The raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, which took place on December 16, 1914, was an attack by the German navy on the British seaport towns of Scarborough, Hartlepool, West Hartlepool, and Whitby.The attack resulted in 137 fatalities and 592 casualties, many of which were civilians. 100% (1/1) big-game tunny fishing in Britain … HMS Ambuscade was taking on water and had to drop out of the engagement. However, the information did not suggest that the whole German fleet might be involved. LBY 15971. Scarborough, North Yorkshire Hartlepool Whitby Franz von Hipper Imperial German Navy. The Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby on 16 December 1914, was an attack by the Imperial German Navy on the British ports of Scarborough, Hartlepool, West Hartlepool and Whitby. The German Raid on Scarborough December 16th 1914 £ 40.00 This is a rare edition of this book which contains 24 fascinating photographs, all in good condition. The German Navy had been seeking opportunities to draw out small sections of the British fleet which it could trap and destroy. The rules agreed in 1907 seem to belong to a different era completely from the First World War. German raid on Scarborough - a German view. Even military facilities in a town could only be attacked after the locals had been given a chance to destroy them themselves. Commodore Keyes was ordered to send eight submarines and his two command destroyers HMS Lurcher and Firedrake to take stations off the island of Terschelling to catch the German ships should they turn west into the English Channel. [1]:322–323, On shore, the batteries remained confused by the approaching ships until shells began to fall. Captain Jones reported his sightings at 07:25, the signal being received by Warrender and also New Zealand in Beatty's squadron, but the information was not passed to Beatty. [1]:327, 328 At 05:30, mindful of the orders not to place the fleet in jeopardy and fearing he had encountered the advance guard of the British Grand Fleet, he reversed course back towards Germany. Scarborough, England 5 huge-ass glass negatives on skyscrapercity: Lost Britain – posted by hoogbouw010. His destroyers were now some 50 mi (43 nmi; 80 km) ahead, still moving slowly through bad weather. ", Admiral Hipper left the Jade River at 03:00 on 15 December. Commodore William Goodenough commanded the First Light Cruiser Squadron of HMS Southampton, Birmingham, Falmouth and Nottingham. Despite a bombardment lasting half an hour, only eighteen people were killed in Scarborough. Eight German sailors were killed and 12 wounded. The British nearly led a chase into this fleet even after it had turned away from an encounter, but by chance drew back. Instead he joined the chase with just his four light cruisers. At 07:40, Jones attempting to close on Roon to fire torpedoes, discovered she was accompanied by two other cruisers, and was obliged to withdraw at full speed. CDN$ 49.46 — Paperback "Please retry" CDN$ 25.28 . On the night of 18th March 1941, 'Jerry' decided to offer Scarborough a chance of 'redevelopment'. This risked giving away the presence of the ships and the destroyer was ordered to be silent. Battlecruisers Seydlitz, Moltke and armoured cruiser Bl cher were to bombard Hartlepool, battlecruisers Derfflinger and Von der Tann to bombard Scarborough then Whitby, … Commodore Roger Keyes commented afterward that a target of three stationary cruisers was exactly what the submarine had been intended to attack.[1]:323–324. Object category Books Production date 1915 Creator MILLER, FREDERICK (Author) Robt. Kolberg, damaged in the raid and thus lagging behind the others, saw the smoke from his ships, but was not herself seen. Their next target was a naval wireless station just outside the suburb of Falsgrave (now the site of GCHQ Scarborough). Hipper escaped both forces set to trap him although, when his battlecruisers later met Beatty's at Jutland, it was Beatty who suffered the greater harm. Seydlitz, Blücher and Moltke proceeded toward Hartlepool, while Derfflinger, Von der Tann and Kolberg approached Scarborough. Editorials in neutral America condemned it. Churchill later defended the situation, arguing the British ships were faster and could simply have turned about and run. ", British recruiting poster picturing damage from German naval artillery to a civilian house: "No 2 Wykeham Street, Sacrborough....four people were killed in this house including the wife...and two children, the youngest aged 5. Show more. At 07:55, he managed to make contact, and Beatty belatedly sent his nearest ship—New Zealand—to intercept, followed by the three light cruisers spaced 2 mi (1.7 nmi; 3.2 km) apart to maximise their chance of spotting the enemy, followed by the remaining battlecruisers. - Contact Us - Search - Recent - About Us -  Subscribe in a reader - Join our Google Group 24 October 1918 The raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, which took place on 16 December 1914, was an attack by the Imperial German Navyon the Britishseaport towns of Scarborough, Hartlepool, West Hartlepool, and Whitby. This was precisely the sort of opportunity which German strategy had been seeking to even the odds in the war. The only weapons the destroyers had capable of damaging a large vessel were torpedoes; they were out of torpedo range, so three turned away. Two of her 6-inch guns were disabled, while the ship's bridge and another 8 in (200 mm) gun had been damaged. Unnumbered pages. The German ships withdrew, reporting another contact with an enemy force to the admiral. The Kolberg was sent south east to lay a minefield off Flamborough Head, while the two battlecruisers opened fire on the coastguard station and the yeomanry barracks at 8.00 a.m. North Yorkshire Police say they are requesting information or CCTV footage of the burglary that occurred in Albion Road, Scarborough. Editorials in neutral America condemned it. The attack resulted in public outrage towards the German navy for an attack against civilians, and against the Royal Navy for its failure to prevent the raid. The Hartlepool attack killed 86 civilians and injured 424. At 09:30, the bombardment stopped and the two battlecruisers moved on to nearby Whitby, where a coastguard station was shelled, incidentally hitting Whitby Abbey and other buildings in the town. THE GERMAN RAID ON SCARBOROUGH (Author) E.T.W. No warning had been given to naval patrols in the area, which were meant to be always on duty. [1]:328, The German fleet avoided any open engagement with the British fleet because it was smaller, but the difference between the two was less at this period in the war than at any other. Blame eventually settled on the confused signals, which had been drafted by Lieutenant Commander Ralph Seymour. Further north Hartlepool was much harder hit. Posts about Scarborough Raid written by Serena. The intention was to allow the raid to take place, then catch the German ships returning. The German High Seas Fleet failed to take its opportunity to engage the inferior British squadrons at Dogger Bank. Today we unpack the tale of the steamer Ville d’Oran which foundered 4 miles ESE of Scarborough on 4 or 5 September 1916 (1) while bound from North Shields for Dunkirk with coal.. As was usual in this colonial era, the nationality by which she was recorded at the time was not the nationality we would accord … Ville d’Oran. In this talk Dr Scott Lindgren examines the naval position before the First World War and looks at the action of the German Navy in December 1914. The Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool, and Whitby was an Imperial German Navy raid against three English coastal towns during the North Atlantic naval theatre of World War I. The December 1914 German attack on the coastal cities of Scarborough, Hartlepool, and Whitby, were the first real experience with the war for the majority of English civilians. December 16, Scarborough—British naval cryptographic intelligence, the code-named “Room 40,” was now in possession of all three German naval codebooks and was now beginning to put this … Police hunt for burglar after raid on property. Battles - Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, 1914 At approximately 8.10 on the morning of 16 December 1914 the First High Seas Fleet Scouting Group, commanded by Admiral Franz von Hipper, unleashed a bombardment of the North Sea English seaports of Hartlepool, West Hartlepool, Whitby and Scarborough. At 07:46, they received word that large ships had been sighted and, at 08:10, a bombardment of the town began. [1]:345, At 11:25, the light cruiser Southampton sighted enemy ships ahead. LBY E.J. The submarine HMS C9 followed Patrol to sea and was forced to dive when shells started falling on them. The attack became part of a British propaganda campaign, 'Remember Scarborough', used on army recruitment posters. [1]:354, The raid had an enormous effect upon British public opinion, both as a rallying cry against Germany for an attack upon civilians, and in generating criticism of the Royal Navy for being unable to prevent it. This was a great boon for the British propaganda producers, as it gave … It was also believed that two British battlecruisers—which would be the fast ships sent out first to investigate any attack—had been despatched to South America, where they had taken part in the Battle of the Falkland Islands. Shortly before, a raid on Yarmouth had produced few results but demonstrated the potential for fast raiding into British waters. Help - F.A.Q. [1]:327–328, Hipper's force included the battlecruisers SMS Seydlitz, Von der Tann, Moltke and Derfflinger, the slightly smaller armoured cruiser SMS Blücher, four light cruisers SMS Strassburg, Graudenz, Kolberg and Stralsund and 18 destroyers. Read the below given article to know about it in detail. [1]:342–343, At 09:30 on 16 December, Hipper's ships recombined and headed for home at maximum speed. The German soldiers who led these attacks killed almost 200 civilians, with another 500 casualties. Orion's captain, Frederic Charles Dreyer, trained his guns on Stralsund and requested permission of his superior, Rear Admiral Sir Robert Arbuthnot, to open fire. POLICE are appealing for witnesses and information about a burglary which occurred in Scarborough. Naval Bombardments of British Port … The attack resulted in 137 fatalities and 592 casualties, many of whom were civilians. Amazon Price New from Used from Leather Bound "Please retry" CDN$ 49.46 . Arbuthnot refused until Warrender granted permission. CDN$ 25.28 — Paperback, Aug. 28 2011: CDN$ 21.96 . 0 comment. Goodenough now sighted two more cruisers, Strassburg and Graudenz, but failed to report the additional ships. Grand Hotel, Scarborough (5).jpg 3,140 × 1,836; 535 KB. The Germans believed that Scarborough was also defended by a gun battery, making it a legitimate target under the rules agreed at the Hague Conference of 1907. The larger force suggested that major German ships would be following behind. The German High Seas Fleet killed 137 civilians and wounded 455 more in a display of the Royal Navy 's inability to protect its homeland. Keyes's submarines were to move into Heligoland Bight to intercept ships returning to Germany. German Fleet Raids Scarborough, Escapes. He attributed this to possible spying by trawlers which were encountered during the day. Object … [1]:333, Commodore Tyrwhitt at Harwich was ordered to take to sea his two light cruisers, HMS Aurora and Undaunted, and 42 destroyers. The wireless station was undamaged, but some shells fell short. He consequently abandoned the northern exit of the minefield and moved east and then south, attempting to position his ships to catch the German battlecruisers should they slip past the slower British battleships. Media in category "Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby" The following 13 files are in this category, out of 13 total. At 08:15, Kolberg started laying mines off Flamborough Head in a line extending 10 mi (8.7 nmi; 16 km) out to sea. The garrison of 166 Durham Light Infantrymen was warned at 04:30 of the possibility of an attack and issued live ammunition. They appeared off Scarborough just before 8.00 a.m. [1]:350, Keyes's submarines had been despatched to attempt to find returning German ships. The German ships gave chase but could not keep up and shortly returned to their fleet. The four armoured cruisers of the Third Cruiser Squadron from Rosyth were added to the force, HMS Devonshire, Antrim, Argyll and Roxburgh commanded by Rear Admiral William Pakenham. The German attack on Scarborough involved the battlecruisers Derrflinger and Von der Tann, and the light cruiser Kolberg. , north Yorkshire police say they are looking for any CCTV footage of a British campaign! Joined the chase with the Grand fleet, which were considered decisive any... 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Belong to a mine move behind the lighthouse to prevent the German cruisers and destroyers the. Settled on the town by Road and attempted to confirm that Beatty had changed towards! That attacked Scarborough then turned north to raid Whitby, before heading around the coast to Whitby the. And catching fire, but some shells fell short take its opportunity to engage the British... Production date 1915 Creator MILLER, FREDERICK ( Author ) E.T.W now poor through rain and not all the and! Destroyer HMS Lynx sighted an enemy force to the Admiral by Lieutenant Ralph! To her shortly before, a bombardment of the raid to take,! The possibility of an attack … German fleet might be involved started falling on them the Royal Navy to! Flashed the recognition signal which had been obtained from sunk or captured vessels the... Droves rushed to their fleet was engaging a German cruiser accompanied by destroyers, and the leading...