Christchurch earthquake. Additional photographs of other earthquake locations and damage are being added to this series. Two men celebrate after being pulled out of a destroyed building in Christchurch, New Zealand, 24 hours after a devastating earthquake. The February earthquake caused widespread damage to residential and commercial properties throughout Christchurch. [6] Noji, Eric K., and Keith T. Sivertson. Very kindly, and despite having suffered damage to his house, Malcolm has provided an update from the Christchurch earthquake. Below: examples of foundation re-build using heavy rebar and extensive wire ties. Professor Wickersheimer specializes in structural failure investigation and repair for wood and masonry construction. New aerial footage has revealed just how much damage was sustained by Christchurch's Catholic cathedral in the February 2011 earthquake. Quoting from the abstract: [28] David J. Hayes, "Is the Recent Increase in Felt Earthquakes in the Central US Natural or Manmade? Measuring 6.3 on the Richter Scale and, at 4.99 km deep, the earthquake was very shallow. In a wide and versatile range of uses, shipping containers were stacked as huge retaining walls, used to construct a complete shopping mall, used as temporary storage during residential home reconstruction, used as office space, and of course were also stacked high in port for use in shipping. Simplified geology of Christchurch region. Attribution 3.0 New Zealand License, GNS Science Immediate Report LD8 (NZTopo50-BX24)/941-947, Christchurch Earthquake Rockfall and Landslide Response, full set of accelerograph data for the Christchurch earthquake, Earthquake Christchurch Earthquake 5 Years Later . Severe ground shaking caused older unreinforced brick and masonry buildings, many damaged in September 2010, to collapse in part or completely. Most Cantabrians were away from their homes when the 6.3-magnitude earthquake struck at 12.51 p.m. on 22 February 2011. This comprises 6 damaging earthquakes, on 4 September and 26 December 2010, February 22, June 6 and two on June 13, 2011. At 12.51 p.m. on Tuesday 22 February 2011, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake caused severe damage in Christchurch and Lyttelton, killing 185 people and injuring several thousand. [GNS Science], Car trapped by liquefaction in Ferrymead, Christchurch. Christchurch's CBD experienced moderate damage in the September 2010 earthquake. Figure 3. Christchurch Hospital was evacuated due to damage in some areas, but soon reopened to treat the injured. These were the seeds of what Smith hoped would become more … ", [17] Parsons, Tom, and Douglas S. Dreger. The severest of those events were the earthquake (magnitude from … ChristChurch Cathedral - 2011 earthquake damage ChristChurch Cathedral has lost the top of its main spire and its roof has fallen in. The spire of ChristChurch Cathedral has completely collapsed. We also provide a MASTER INDEX to this topic, or you can try the page top or bottom SEARCH BOX as a quick way to find information you need. At 12.51 p.m. on Tuesday 22 February 2011, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake caused severe damage in Christchurch and Lyttelton, killing 185 people and injuring several thousand. Although I have experience in building inspection and failure investigation the images and photos here show earthquake damage and reconstruction details on both South Island and North Island. 5 (2007): 303-310. GeoNet staff deployed portable earthquake recorders to collect information on the rich aftershock sequence of the earthquake. Disasters 11, no. We include expert source citations and references to additional articles on specific areas of earthquake damage to structures such as chimneys, foundations, mechanical systems, and to earthquake-damage control construction details typical for residential and light commercial structures. 185 people were killed in the February earth quake and thousands more were injured. (3/2010), Our recommended books about building & mechanical systems design, inspection, problem diagnosis, and repair, and about indoor environment and IAQ testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the. "Evaluation of augmented reality for rapid assessment of earthquake-induced building damage." Christchurch earthquake: 10,000 homes face demolition ... Mon 7 Mar 2011 03.22 EST. Engineers in New Zealand, including the UC Quake Centre at the University of Canterbury are, in my view, the current world- experts in earthquake damage assessment, repair, and prevention. ", [14] Lin, Jian, and Ross S. Stein. 6 months earlier on 4 th September 2010 another massive magnitude 7.1 earthquake caused significant damage to Christchurch and the central Canterbury region, but with no direct fatalities. The earthquake caused widespread damage across Christchurch, especially in the central city and eastern suburbs. The jolt is part of tests by the Earthquake commission into whether liquefaction-prone land in the east of the city can be repaired. International Journal of Epidemiology 27, no. This article series describes earthquake damage graphically, providing details & examples of points of failure in various types of structures. It was a 6.3 magnitude earthquake and the focus was very shallow at 4.99 kilometres deep. Christchurch Earthquake Rockfall and Landslide Response (1.68Mb) Rockfalls and landslides triggered by the February 2011 Christchurch (NZ) earthquake: the GeoNet response More info about Port Hills, Christchurch Landslide Monitoring is also available here. Saturday's 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck some 30km west of Christchurch, near the town of Darfield. Ferry Road 66.jpg 4,000 × 3,000; 4.25 MB. Facebook; Twitter ; Whats App; Reddit; Email; 1 of 30. Members of the Japanese Disaster Relief Team working at the CTV building following Christchurch's earthquake, on March 5, 2011, in Christchurch, New Zealand. Fish and Chip shop North New Brighton, Christchurch following Feb 2011 quake.jpg 2,070 × 1,552; 641 KB. Time-lapse visualisations of the February 22 2011 and September 4 2010 earthquakes and … (Modified from Brown and Weeber, 1992). Below: interior wall damage in Canterbury University residential housing on Montana Ave.. Below: fallen plaster in a home in Port Hills outside Christchurch in 2014. Or use the SEARCH BOX found below to Ask a Question or Search InspectApedia. Below: a split chimney in Dunedin, also in 2014. Some damaging aftershocks followed the main event, the strongest of which was a magnitude 6.3 shock known as the Christchurch earthquake that occurred nearly six months later on 22 February 2011. The earthquake epicentre was near Lyttelton, just 10 kilometres south-east of Christchurch… The "earthquake" struck at 11.30am, at QEII Stadium, at a depth of up to 12km. [26] William Ellsworth (ellsworth@usgs.gov), Jessica Robertson (jrobertson@usgs.gov), and Christopher Hook (703-648-4460), "Man-Made Earthquakes Update", USGS, 12 July 2013, retrieved 13 December 2013, original source: http://www.usgs.gov/blogs/features/usgs_top_story/man-made-earthquakes/. Just after midday on the 22 nd of February 2011, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck Christchurch, resulting in 185 deaths.. Seismologist Bill Fry, who is also part of the Resilience to Nature’s Challenges National Science Challenge, was on earthquake duty at GeoNet that day. A number of cars were crushed by falling debris. 3 (1998): 459-465. A pair of strong earthquakes struck New Zealand in 2010 and 2011, first at Canterbury with a 7.1 magnitude quake occurring on 4 September 2010, and second, the Christchurch quake on 22 February 2011, at a magnitude of 6.2, causing extensive additional new damage to many buildings including structures already weakened by the first event. Try the search box just below, or if you prefer, post a question or comment in the Comments box below and we will respond promptly. We didn't think were would get so many more! Photographs of types of earthquake damage: Photos of earthquake damage in Christchurch NZ, caused by the 2010 & 2011 earthquakes and their after-shocks. Oh my gosh. On the 22nd February 2011, a massive earthquake measuring 6.3 on the Richter Scale hit Christchurch City, in the South Island of New Zealand. About 25 small underground explosives are to be placed up to 12 metres deep and set off to simulate an earthquake of about magnitude 4. Buildings ruined during the Christchurch Earthquake of 2011. Man-made earthquake strikes Christchurch The short-period instruments were installed in the area of aftershocks to enable increased precision of earthquake locations and an enhanced understanding of local fault structure. This time it was often colleagues, classmates or complete strangers who comforted and hel… Although lower in mag- nitude than the earlier quake, the aftershock was centered closer to the city and caused significantly In September 1971 a shallow event with magnitude M w = 4.5 caused felt intensities of MM5 in Christchurch. Commission, Creative Commons CONTACT US for permission to re-use these images, or if you are a professional requiring higher resolution images, video of demolition, or more information. 4 (1987): 290-296. The Darfield earthquake (Mw 7.1; ML 7.2) occurred along a previously unknown strike-slip fault in Canterbury Province, New Zealand on 4 September 2010. The median duration of closure for organisations following the February earthquake was found to be 16 days, more than double the duration of closure experienced following the initial earthquake . Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1997. ", David J. Hayes, Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of the Interior, DOI News, retrievedf 12/13/2013, original source: http://www.doi.gov/ news/doinews/Is-the-Recent-Increase-in-Felt-Earthquakes -in-the-Central-US-Natural-or-Manmade.cfm, Building Failures, Diagnosis & Avoidance, 2d Ed., W.H. February 22, 2011: The damage in pictures. Christchurch earthquake damage - 22 Feb 2011 Done. Christchurch, New Zealand. The second (Christchurch) earthquake (Mw = 6.2) on 22 February 2011, caused by a thrust fault, affected the same region. As many will know, the largest city in the New Zealand South Island was hit by a massive earthquake in 2011. Two major earthquakes (2010 & 2011) and recurring aftershocks caused widespread damage to the city of Christchurch, New Photograph: David Wethey/EPA These were the seeds of what Smith hoped would become more of a … - Geotech Engineering - 904-622-2424 FL*, Ed Seaquist, P.E., SIE Assoc. B9 (1999): 20183-20202. This data contributes to the longer term understanding of landslides and their failure mechanisms. Below: new construction, primary slab, Christchurch in 2014. The Christchurch earthquake damage photographs shown here, taken by the author [DF] were taken in Christchurch , New Zealand in the fall of 2014 as well as in other locations throughout the South Island and on the North Island as well. ", [22] Zeng, Yuehua. Above: continued demolition of damaged buildings in Christchurch in September 2014. Photograph: David Wethey/EPA. Vulnerability Map – A map showing how liquefaction vulnerability varies across Christchurch. Note that focal mechanisms are offset from the true location for better visibility. Building Research & Information 32, no. Reducing the risk of earthquake damage in Canada: Lessons from Haiti and Chile. [9] "A Foundation for Unstable Soils," Harris Hyman, P.E.. [11] "Inspecting Block Foundations," Donald V. Cohen, P.E.. [12] Henry Fountain, "Experts Eye Oil and Gas Industry as Quakes Shake Oklahoma", [13] Stein, Ross S. "The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence. Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament Photo: Supplied / Peter Fleming Built in 1905, the headquarters of the Catholic Church in the city was damaged in the 2011 earthquakes and has sat in a sorry state of disrepair for eight years. FEMA - 46164 - Tim Manning in New Zealand.jpg 4,320 × 3,240; 7.05 MB. Buildings of major import such as the Christchurch cathedral shown earlier on this page remained to be addressed. Below: scaffolding surrounds this downtown Christchurch building in 2014. In the central city alone, more than 1,000 buildings have been demolished. Note: appearance of your Comment below may be delayed: if your comment contains an image, web link, or text that looks to the software as if it might be a web link, your posting will appear after it has been approved by a moderator. Below: some building occupants had moved while other less-damaged buildings remained partially-boarded-over but in use. A theoretical framework." Apologies for the delay. ", [24] Freed, Andrew M. "Earthquake triggering by static, dynamic, and postseismic stress transfer.". Because this aftershock was centred very close to Christchurch, it was much more destructive and resulted in the deaths of 185 people. 3:58 PM Tuesday Apr 17, 2012 This combined earthquake dataset is used in scientific studies of fault structures and ground motion. The church was re-opened on September 22 but suffered more damage during an aftershock in December of 2010. EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE PHOTOS Christchurch 2010-2011 at InspectApedia.com - online encyclopedia of building & environmental inspection, testing, diagnosis, repair, & problem prevention advice. The June 2011 Christchurch earthquake was a shallow magnitude 6.0 M w earthquake that occurred on 13 June 2011 at 14:20 NZST (02:20 UTC).It was centred at a depth of 7 km (4.3 mi), about 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Christchurch, which had previously been devastated by a magnitude 6.2 M W earthquake in February 2011. Most of the remaining mechanisms are strike-slip or mainly strike-slip solutions although the orientation of the fault plane is variable. The Mw 6.2 Christchurch Earthquake of 22 February 2011 8 intensities. Christchurch earthquakes of 2010–11, series of tremors that occurred within and near the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, and the Canterbury Plains region from early September 2010 to late December 2011. The earthquake … Christchurch's Catholic cathedral damaged after the earthquake, in 2011. Land above the cliffs at Clifton and Redcliffs was monitored for movement with portable GPS receivers, and a weather station was deployed to correlate any movement with weather events. Read about the GeoNet response to the landslides and rockfalls after the Christchurch earthquake: More info about Port Hills, Christchurch Landslide Monitoring is also available here. Christchurch, along with the collapse of a few reinforced concrete buildings, contributed to make the February 22, 2011, earthquake a tragic national disaster of much more severe impact than the earlier, Sept. 4, 2010 Darfield event. Adam Nagourney, "For Californians, 2 Earthquakes Have Put Put Preparedness Back on the Map". "Stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes and stress interaction between the southern San Andreas and nearby thrust and strikeâslip faults.". Above: downtown Christchurch, parking garage demolition following earthquake damage. Following the earthquake the OpenStreetMap community and the Humanitarian OSM Team have … Page top and shown here: the Cathedral Church of Christ, damaged by the 4 September 2010 quake, but not severely, had been reinforced in an effort to stabilize the structure pending further repairs. Portable GPS deployment in Clifton and Redcliffs InspectAPedia tolerates no conflicts of interest. While most of the un-stable buildings in Christchurch had been demolished or braced (photo above) by 2014, less-urgent evidence of soil liquefaction and quake damage to slabs, roadways, and sidewalks was easy to spot, as in my photo below. Technically this work is amateur in scope and is provided here simply for study. 185 people were killed in the February earth quake and thousands more were injured. This was due to the proximity of the epicentre to the city and its shallow depth. The earthquake left extensive damage mostly in the Central City and Eastern suburb areas of Christchurch. The September quake had occurred in the early hours of the morning with family generally close at hand. Christchurch was struck by a major 7.1-magnitude earthquake in September last year. Further South in Dunedin we also visited some older earthquake-damaged structures shown below. Christchurch Earthquake Case Study. The earthquake and tsunami in Japan is said to have accounted for more than half of the damage, overall. A 2011 earthquake in the city of Christchurch destroyed much of the downtown and killed 185 people. The June quake was preceded by a magnitude 5.9 M L tremor that … Shelves and stock, damaged by Tuesday's earthquake, lie jumbled on the floor in a distribution center in Christchurch February 25, 2011. Large rock falls triggered by the earthquake, Sumner, Christchurch. In March 1987 a magnitude … On the 22nd February 2011, a massive earthquake measuring 6.3 on the Richter Scale hit Christchurch City, in the South Island of New Zealand. "Earthquake-induced static stress changes on central California faults. By this time Christchurch had lost enough population that its position had shifted from second to third most-populated city in New Zealand. Magnitude values in the range M w = 5.8 to 6.5 are assigned for the event based upon felt . [15] Parsons, Tom, Ross S. Stein, Robert W. Simpson, and Paul A. Reasenberg. GeoNet is a collaboration between the Earthquake Our second photo shows shipping containers below an unstable rock face near Sumner NZ. Tremors continue to hit Christchurch and the surrounding Canterbury region, mostly centered around the small Canterbury town of Darfield. ", [19] Toda, Shinji, and Ross Stein. A magnitude 6.3 quake struck directly under Christchurch at 12:51 on 22 February 2011, killing 185 people and destroying or damaging around 170,000 buildings. It occurred nearly six months after the 4 September 2010 earthquake. 18:08, Feb 18 2016. Below: shipping containers as retaining walls, in some cases stacked six-high in Christchurch NZ in 2014. Click to Show or Hide Citations & References, EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE PHOTOS CHRISTCHURCH 2010-2011, EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE PHOTOS Christchurch 2010-2011, ARTICLE INDEX to BUILDING DAMAGE, DISASTER, REPAIRS, HOME INSPECTION EDUCATION COURESES (Canada), HOME INSPECTION EDUCATION: HOME STUDY COURSES. Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction, 2010. Below: reinforcement at windows on the U. Canterbury campus, Christchurch, in 2014. 185 people were killed in the February earth quake and thousands more were hurt. "Staticâstress impact of the 1992 Landers earthquake sequence on nucleation and slip at the site of the 1999 M= 7.1 Hector Mine earthquake, southern California. Smaller buildings suffering significant earthquake damage were in some cases protected or closed to entry but otherwise awaited further action. Below, substantial earthquake damage to St. Cuthbert's in Port Hills. It was an aftershock of the M 7.1 Darfield earthquake of Sep-tember 4, 2010 (see the November 2010 Newsletter for a report on that earthquake). Above: leaning building on the Otago Peninsula in 2014; Below: Dunedin: mortar repairs to the separated brick wall offer a bit of history of building movement. Road and bridge damage occurred and hampered rescue efforts. Damage from February, 2011 earthquake in Christchurch, New … May 18th 2012. Below: a large shipping container providing roaring entertainment as part of a musuem/art exhibit in 2014. Examples of earthquake damage that remained to be addressed in 2014. At least 65 people have died after a 6.3-magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch on New Zealand's South Island, Prime Minister John Key says, with fears that the toll will rise. Earthquake damage Our rating values are intended to include the impact of earthquake damage, so that affected properties pay the correct amount of rates without the need for additional remissions. 22, 2011, an M 6.3 earthquake shook the city of Christchurch, New Zealand. [3] Kamat, Vineet R., and Sherif El-Tawil. The earthquake struck at … As you will note in the photos below, St. Cuthberts was constructed in 1874 using un-reinforced stone masonry. English: Buildings either significantly damaged or destroyed in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. Christchurch's Catholic cathedral damaged after the earthquake, in 2011. Continue reading at EARTHQUAKE DAMAGED CHIMNEYS or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or see the complete ARTICLE INDEX. The severity of the second New Zealand quake might be understood by noting that the primary shock lasted only about ten seconds, but because of its shallowness, its location, the previous damage to buildings in Christchurch , and extensive soil liquefaction in the eastern neighbourhoods of the city. Within the CBD, 47% of buildings were determined to be unsafe or required restricted access (Kam et al., 2011; cited in ). The damage in Christchurch was far more considerable than the damage triggered in the 7.1 earthquake only 5 months previously. The death … The earthquake damage, damaged building demolition, earthquake damage re-build or repair, and earthquake-damaged-building reinforcement photographs here give a view of conditions in Christchurch three years after the 2011 Christchurch quake. We have no relationship with advertisers, products, or services discussed at this website. These images were taken in 2014 when reconstruction efforts in Christchurch included a mix of ongoing demolition and removal of un-safe structures as well as repair, reinforcement, and new construction of replacement buildings. "Measuring vulnerability: The ADRC perspective for the theoretical basis and principles of indicator development." The full set of accelerograph data for the Christchurch earthquake, together with PDFs of the waveforms, are available from the GeoNet strong-motion FTP site. Fund-raising for restoration of the Catherdal has continued to the present. 2010a). (photos) Initial reports said 22 people were in … Quoting: Guide to Domestic Building Surveys, Jack Bower, Butterworth Architecture, London, 1988, ISBN 0-408-50000 X. "Using the 2011 M= 9.0 Tohoku earthquake to test the Coulomb stress triggering hypothesis and to calculate faults brought closer to failure. 5 (2004): 403-413. A magnitude 4 earthquake is to strike Christchurch - but this one will be man-made. [Click to enlarge any image]. Christchurch Earthquake 2011. Above: split chimney, St. Cuthberts, in Port Hills, near Christchurch, in 2014. The highest shaking was recorded at Heathcote Valley Primary School at 220%g, with readings of 188%g at Pages Road Pumping Station and 107%g at Hulverstone Drive Pumping Station. It is the ratepayer's responsibility to declare if a property has unrepaired damage significant enough to affect its Rating Valuation. After the 22 February 2011 Christchurch earthquake, damage to the church was much more extensive. ", [18] King, G. C. P., and M. Cocco. "Avoiding Foundation Failures," Robert Marshall, "Concrete Slab Finishes and the Use of the F-number System", Matthew Stuart, P.E., S.E., F.ASCE, online course at www.pdhonline.org/courses/s130/s130.htm, Sal Alfano - Editor, Journal of Light Construction*, Bob Peterson, Magnum Piering - 800-771-7437 - FL*, Arlene Puentes, ASHI, October Home Inspections - (845) 216-7833 - Kingston NY, Greg Robi, Magnum Piering - 800-822-7437 - National*, Dave Rathbun, P.E. The earthquake’s epicentre was near Lyttelton, just 10 km south-east of Christchurch’s central business district. By 2014 large areas of downtown Christchurch were open spaces as damaged buildings had been removed, and some new construction had been completed. Also the two events furthest to the west are mainly reverse faulting and may be considered as part of the aftershock sequence to the September 2010 M 7.1 earthquake rather than the February M 6.3 earthquake. "Viscoelastic stressâtriggering of the 1999 Hector Mine Earthquake by the 1992 Landers Earthquake. Tremors continue to hit Christchurch and the surrounding Canterbury region, mostly centered around the small Canterbury town of Darfield. The M 6.3 mainshock and a couple of other events in the aftershock sequence are reverse (thrust) faulting mechanisms. Shaking intensity in the city was much greater for this earthquake than the September 2010 M 7.1 earthquake or any of its other aftershocks. Buildings have collapsed around Cathedral Square in downtown Christchurch. (Modified from Brown and Weeber, 1992). The strong-motion instruments were deployed in the Port Hills to reveal ground motion differences between the hills and the plains as well as to measure ground accelerations associated with any landslides that were caused by aftershocks. ", The New Zealand Herald, 17 April 2012, Quoting: Contributions are requested to expand this resource, without charge, for scholarly or professional purposes. Below: new construction near Christchurch, at Waimairi Beach, New Zealand in September 2014. The earthquake left extensive damage mostly in the Central City and Eastern suburb areas of Christchurch. Both earthquakes caused extensive liquefaction, associated ground deformation and severe damage to residential … Following an additional series of quakes in December 2011 the cathedral's rose window that had been braced by the scaffolding in my photo collapsed, and the scaffolding and reinforcement were then bracing little more than open air. A reason to why there was so much damage done was because that the land, infrastructure and roads were still either damaged or weak due to the 2010 Christchurch earthquake which had a magnitude of 7.1. many building which were made of stone and brick were damaged. [5] Mills, Evan, Evan Mills, and Ivo Knoepfel. [16] Toda, Shinji, Jian Lin, Mustapha Meghraoui, and Ross S. Stein. Road surfaces were forced up by liquefaction, and water and sand were spewing out of cracks. Simplified soil strata along a cross-section A-A' indicated in Figure 2. - 301-269-1450 - National, Dave Wickersheimer, P.E. Christchurch during the earthquake series of 2010 to 2011. Ransom, E.& F. Spon, New York, 1987 ISBN 0-419-14270-3, Domestic Building Surveys, Andrew R. Williams, Kindle book, Amazon.com. Journal of computing in civil engineering 21, no. As the earthquake struck at a busy time and at the town centre, a busy place more, damage and casualties happened then the previous 7.1 magnitude earthquake in 2010 than the 6.3 magnitude earthquake in 2011, more people were killed, a total 185 deaths … 8 March 2011 . Earthquake damage of ChristChurch Cathedral (48 F) ... February 2011 Christchurch earthquake 24.jpg 1,600 × 1,067; 208 KB. The earthquake struck the city of Christchurch in New Zealand on 22 February 2011. Attribution 3.0 New Zealand License. [8] John Tagliabue, Parts of Low Country Are Now Quake Country". R.A. - IL, professor, school of structures division, UIUC - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Architecture. [GNS Science]. Below: shipping containers form an entire shopping mall in Christchurch NZ in 2014. Keywords: 2011 Christchurch earthquake; pounding; impact; survey; damage evaluation 1. Below: Sidewalk repairs in Christchurch in 2014. "Fatal and hospitalized injuries resulting from the 1994 Northridge earthquake." It has treated over 220 serious injuries so far, even though sometimes they were working by torchlight. [1] Arakida, Masaru. Videos of this process are avaiabler. GeoNet content is copyright GNS Science and is The earthquake occurred … These New Zealand earthquake damage photographs, taken in the fall of 2014, can be contrasted with those from the Northridge California quake shown at EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE PHOTOS CA 1994 and might give insight to the different ways that building damage appears as a function of the type of movement that occurs during the quake. Defects and Deterioration in Buildings: A Practical Guide to the Science and Technology of Material Failure, Barry Richardson, Spon Press; 2d Ed (2001), ISBN-10: 041925210X, ISBN-13: 978-0419252108. The city of Christchurch experienced a major earthquake centred south of the city; severe damage and casualties occurred. Struck by a major earthquake centred South of the earthquake, ” says.! × 1,552 ; 641 KB × 3,000 ; 4.25 MB months after the earthquake series of 2010 × ;! And commercial properties throughout Christchurch the footpaths were buried by collapsed buildings some occupants. 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